Spinal compression fractures are more common than many people realize, especially in older adults and those with osteoporosis. These fractures occur when one or more vertebrae collapse, often leading to sudden back pain, reduced mobility, and in some cases, long-term spinal deformity. While they can be painful and disruptive, advances in imaging and minimally invasive treatments now make it possible to diagnose and manage these fractures more effectively than ever before. At Iowa Radiology, we believe imaging is only the beginning. By combining precise imaging technology with image-guided procedures, we provide patients with options that reduce pain and restore quality of life.
Understanding Spinal Compression Fractures
A spinal compression fracture typically occurs when the vertebral body weakens and collapses. Osteoporosis is the leading cause, as it thins and weakens bones over time. However, compression fractures can also result from trauma, cancer that spreads to the spine, or certain medical conditions that weaken bone. Symptoms may include sudden back pain, loss of height, a stooped posture, or difficulty moving. For some patients, the pain is severe enough to limit daily activities and independence.
The Role of Imaging in Diagnosis
Because spinal compression fractures share symptoms with many other conditions, imaging plays a critical role in diagnosis. At Iowa Radiology, MRI and CT scans are the most common tools used to identify these fractures. MRI provides detailed images of bone and surrounding soft tissue, helping radiologists determine whether the fracture is new or old, and whether nerves or the spinal cord are affected. CT scans offer high-resolution views of bone structure, making them especially useful for evaluating the extent of damage. In some cases, X-rays may also be used as an initial test to confirm the presence of a fracture. Accurate imaging allows physicians to create a treatment plan tailored to each patient’s needs.
Treatment Options – Vertebroplasty and Kyphoplasty
For many patients, spinal compression fractures can be treated with minimally invasive procedures known as vertebroplasty and kyphoplasty. Both are performed by interventional radiologists using real-time imaging to guide their work.
- Vertebroplasty. Vertebroplasty involves inserting a thin needle into the fractured vertebra and injecting medical-grade cement to stabilize the bone. This procedure can quickly relieve pain and prevent the fracture from worsening.
- Kyphoplasty. Kyphoplasty is similar but includes an additional step. A small balloon is first inserted and inflated inside the fractured vertebra to create space. The balloon is then removed, and the cavity is filled with bone cement. This approach not only stabilizes the fracture but may also restore some of the lost height in the spine.
These procedures are typically outpatient or require only a short hospital stay. Most patients report significant pain relief within days and are able to return to normal activities much sooner than with traditional treatments.
Benefits of Minimally Invasive Treatment
Compared to traditional surgery, vertebroplasty and kyphoplasty offer several advantages:
- Smaller incisions and less trauma to surrounding tissue.
- Faster recovery times, with many patients resuming daily activities within days.
- Lower risk of complications, such as infection or prolonged hospitalization.
- Significant reduction in pain and improved mobility.
For patients whose fractures were caused by osteoporosis, these procedures can provide both physical and emotional relief, allowing them to regain independence and confidence in daily life.
How Iowa Radiology Supports Patients
At Iowa Radiology, our role is to provide the imaging needed for an accurate diagnosis and to perform image-guided treatments that relieve pain and restore function. Our radiologists are trained in both diagnostic and interventional techniques, giving patients a seamless experience from diagnosis to treatment. MRI and CT imaging ensure that every vertebroplasty or kyphoplasty procedure is performed with precision, targeting exactly where the support is needed. After treatment, we continue to work with referring providers to support long-term bone health and reduce the risk of future fractures.
Taking a Whole-Body Approach
A spinal compression fracture is often a sign of underlying bone weakness. That’s why imaging for osteoporosis, such as DEXA scans, may also be recommended. Identifying low bone density early allows patients and their providers to take steps to strengthen bones and prevent additional fractures. Nutrition, lifestyle changes, and medications can all play a role in improving bone health, and imaging helps track progress over time.
Moving Forward After a Fracture
Living with a spinal compression fracture can be overwhelming, but patients have more options than ever before. With the support of imaging and minimally invasive treatments like vertebroplasty and kyphoplasty, pain can be relieved, mobility can be restored, and long-term health can be protected. At Iowa Radiology, we are committed to delivering not just images, but answers that help patients move forward with confidence.
Moving Forward After a Fracture
Living with a spinal compression fracture can be overwhelming, but patients have more options than ever before. With the support of imaging and minimally invasive treatments like vertebroplasty and kyphoplasty, pain can be relieved, mobility can be restored, and long-term health can be protected. At Iowa Radiology, we are committed to delivering not just images, but answers that help patients move forward with confidence.
